Matthew, Mark, and Luke), who is widely assumed to be Nathaniel (albeit he is only named by John), while the other Judas (Jude), the son of James, was most likely the one called Thaddeus, there is a snag in the story (cf. They would have left the comfort of their family homes to hit the road, often sleeping rough and relying on the hospitality of locals for food and shelter. |~|, Tradition holds that 11 of the Twelve Apostles were martyred. [Source: BBC, June 21, 2011 |::|], They suffered great hardships and dangers in a region controlled by Roman authorities, who had a nasty habit of brutally snuffing out political rebellions and messianic movements. Matthew's fellow disciples would have had to wrestle with difficult emotions when dealing with someone they would have been accustomed to treating with suspicion. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. What did God do after Jesus was crucified? Tertullian, a Christian writer who lived in the second and third century, wrote that the Romans tortured John the Baptist by bringing him into a coliseum and immersing him in a barrel of boiling oil before exiling him. After betraying Jesus, one of the twelve apostles famously committed suicide by hanging himself. Simon bar Jonah (Simon bar Jonah): With the assistance of the Holy Spirit, the rock on which Christ formed His Church brought together 120 confused and disillusioned disciples of Jesus and within days had built a Church with a membership of more than 5,000 people. It is thought that they cast lots and split up the globe in order to select who would travel where in order to ensure that everyone had the opportunity to learn about Christ. WebJesus (c. 4 BC AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ or Jesus of Nazareth (among other names and titles), was a first-century Roman born Jewish preacher and Judas the betrayer was replaced with the apostle Matthais, who was elected by the apostles. The remaining 11 original disciples that became Apostles were: 1) Peter (originally known as Simon and Simon Peter); 2) Andrew (Simons brother); 3) James the Elder (the disciple that Jesus loved); 4) John (James the Elders brother); 5) Philip; 6) Bartholomew; 7) Matthew (or Levi); 8) James the Less (or James the Younger, possibly Jesuss brother); 9) Thaddeus (or Jude or Judas, brother of James the Less); 10) Thomas (Doubting Thomas); and 11) Simon Zelotes. According to legend, Philip served as a prominent missionary at Carthage, North Africa, and subsequently in Asia Minor, where he was credited with converting the widow of a Roman proconsul. WebThe Twelve Apostles were the disciples of Jesus sent out after Christ's Crucifixion to spread word of the newborn faith. After Jesuss death, the disciples became the Apostles (a Greek word that means ones sent forth) and Judas With his reputation as the disciple who succeeded Judas Iscariot, Paul who is credited with writing more than half of the books of the New Testament finally earned his place as one of the most important apostles in Christian history. They were unremarkable, unexceptional, and hardworking guys with little or no social standing. By the first century AD, Eusebius had referred to Bishop Papias of Hierapolis as providing evidence to Matthews authorship of his gospel, stating that Matthew assembled the oracles in the Hebrew language, and each one gave his finest interpretation as best he could. The Gospel of Matthew was written in the Hebrew language, and it was published in Jerusalem, although Matthew fell asleep at Hierees, a village in the Parthia region, according to Hippolytus. As John writes from the island of Patmos in Greece, I John, your brother, who shares with you in Jesus the tribulation and the kingdom as well as the patient endurance, was on the island of Patmos because of Gods message and Jesus witness, according to the book of Revelation (Revelation 1:9). This was after the great fire, and the emperor Nero seemed to have wanted to blame the fire on a variety of groups in Rome such as Jews and Christians. The dispersion of the Apostles is the name given to this historical occurrence. Simon the Zealot, the second bishop of Jerusalem to succeed James, died of old age at the age of ten. It was also in that place where he was imprisoned. Second, according to this Catholic source, Simon the Zealot died at Edessa but was crucified instead of being beheaded. [Source: L. Michael White, Professor of Classics and Director of the Religious Studies Program University of Texas at Austin, Frontline, PBS, April 1998 ]. They also coveted the idea of being Jesus' deputies, which could have provoked disquiet amongst the other disciples. |::|, Andrew Todhunter wrote in National Geographic: In its earliest days the movement was too insignificant to attract wide-scale persecution, and Christians, as they came to be called, had more friction with neighboring Jewish sects than with the Roman Empire. He told them, The Son of Man is going to be betrayed into the John, the author of the Gospel of John and the Book of Revelation, was the only apostle who did not die as a martyr for his faith in Jesus Christ. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. This site contains copyrighted material the use of which has not always been authorized by the copyright owner. The Roman historian Tacitus wrote: "An immense multitude was convicted, not so much of the crime of firing the city, as of hatred against mankind Covered with the skins of beasts, they were torn by dogs and perished, or were nailed to crosses, or were doomed to the flames and burnt, to serve as a nightly illumination, when daylight had expired." Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. The Gospels tell us that Jesus had healed her when she was [Source: BBC, June 21, 2011 |::|], The paying of taxes may well have been a source of tension between the fishermen and the local individuals the Romans employed to perform the unenviable, but highly lucrative, job of collecting the taxes. His missionary efforts in India, as the doubting apostle, have made him well-known around the world. They were all afraid when Jesus was crucified. Take it with a grain of salt, as they say). And thats the end of it. James killed as a martyr, and his corpse was sawed into pieces, according to Theory 2. Navarre and La Rioja. What did Jesus commission his disciples to do after his At least, not from the standpoint of the typical individual, at any rate. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. A cross in the shape of an X is said to have been used at his execution in Patrason, where it is claimed that he preached to Greek communities. Foxes Book of Martyrs records the following about Matthew: The scene of his labors was Parthia, and Ethiopia, in which latter nation he experienced martyrdom, being slaughtered with a halberd in the city of Nadabah, A.D. 60, according to Foxes Book of Martyrs. He preached to the Parthians (Iran), Medes (Iran), Persians (Iran), Hyrcanians (Afghanistan), Bactrians (Afghanistan), and Margians before being slain and buried at Calamene, an Indian city. Andrew was the brother of Peter. This is the currently selected item. He also preached in Asia Minor, which is modern-day Turkey, and in Greece, where he is claimed to have been crucified towards the end of his preaching career. Four were fishermen, including Peter, James and John, and one, Matthew, was a toll collector. Moses of Chorene stated in the fifth century that Simon the Zealot was martyred in the Kingdom of Iberia, according to tradition. At death his Spirit went to the Father in heaven, and then returned to be clothed in the resurrection body, in which he appeared to the Many pilgrims claim the shell was first used by Charlemagne's armies but scholar it may have originated with a pre-Christian Venus cult of sexual gymnast who used to hold orgies at Stonehedge-like standing stone temples. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Some stories merely state that he was martyred, while others claim that he was skinned alive and killed by a group of thugs. Jesus wanted to He sees our complete potential in its fullest now, just as He does in the past. Christian Classics Ethereal Library www.ccel.org ; Early Christianity: Elaine Pagels website elaine-pagels.com ; The second category was composed of those who followed Jesus from town to town, village to village. After the Great Fire of Rome, the apostle was assassinated in Rome by Emperor Nero in the year 64 AD. In case you havent had the opportunity to learn more about these individuals and the master they served, I would strongly advise you to do so now. After many trials in Rome, he was sentenced to death by crucifixion. Andrew is reported to have proclaimed the gospel of Christ to the Thracians and Scythians just before he was killed in battle. Later in life, Bartholomew served as a missionary in Lycaonia (now part of modern-day Turkey), Armenia, and maybe Persia in the early 1940s. Johnthe last survivor of the Twelvelikely died peaceably, possibly in Ephesus, around the year 100. |~|, According to the BBC: Despite all the potential problems they faced, somehow the Jesus movement managed to pull together in the same direction. Patton claims that pagan priests in Mesopotamia beat Thaddaeus to death with sticks in the year 72 A.D., making him yet another apostle to die as a martyr in the name of Christ. After 40 days, Jesus left this Earth as recorded in Mark 16:19: So then, after the Lord had spoken to them, He was received up into heaven and sat down at the right hand of God. After his ascension, the disciples faced many challenges and questions about their responsibilities. He did not remain at Antioch for long, yet he is often regarded as the citys first bishop. He reported the phenomena to his superiors, who then gave him permission to dig up the spot. He died as an elderly man in that place, from natural causes. Perhaps they hoped Jesus After years of missionary activity in Armenia and India, Bartholomew also known as Nathanael is thought to have met his end by martyrdom in the year 70 A.D., following a similar path as Andrew. Sources on what happened to Jesus followers include the following: Source1: Hippolytus of Rome (d. 236 AD) date of birth and death uncertain. According to tradition, Matthais accompanied Andrew to Syria, where he was put to death by burning. Had perhaps the most impact on Syrias eastern borderlands. Contact Us. Paul, another apostle of Jesus, also stayed in Caesarea for a while. Will Graham Devotion: Our 4 Greatest Needs. There is little information available about Bartholomews evangelizing activities. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The Acts of Philipdocument has a detailed description of his death as a martyr. Jesus Central jesuscentral.com ; Catholic Encyclopedia: Jesus Christ newadvent.org, When he was alive, Jesus was often accompanied by 70 or so followers, with the core group being his 12 disciples: Describing why the assertion that Jesus had 12 disciples was a myth, Reza Aslan wrote in the Washington Post, This myth is based on a misunderstanding of the three categories of Jesuss followers. Permissions Because of the stigma associated with the name Judas, he may have adopted the name Thaddaeus (warm-hearted). St. Jude was known as the forgotten apostle since his given name was the same as that of Judas Iscariot. Missionary to India, who was martyred/crucified upside down in Armenia. Thomas, or Doubting Thomas as he is commonly known,was one of the Twelve Apostles. These 12 men were no mere disciples, for they did not just follow Jesus from one place to another. Another reason, I suspect, is because they were overwhelmed with disappointment by Jesus arrest. The legend surrounding Simon the Zealot is that he served as a minister in Persia before being assassinated for refusing to provide sacrifices to idol sun gods. He is credited with extensive missionary journeys, including trips to India with Thomas, back to Armenia, as well as Ethiopia and Southern Arabia, according to folklore and legend. Rest in Jesus!. According to Hippolytus, Bartholomew was crucified with Eusebius, in his Church History, verifies Bartholomews service in India as recorded by the apostle. What day was Jesus crucified on? If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond 'fair use', you must obtain permission from the copyright owner. Lives of the Saints: Catholic.org catholicism.org, Jesus and the Historical Jesus ; Britannica on Jesus britannica.com Jesus-Christ ; Historical Jesus Theories earlychristianwritings.com ; Wikipedia article on Historical Jesus Wikipedia ; Jesus Seminar Forum virtualreligion.net ; Life and Ministry of Jesus Christ bible.org ; In 64, when a great fire in Rome destroyed 10 of the city's 14 quarters, Emperor Nero, accused by detractors of setting the fire himself, pinned the catastrophe on the growing Christian movement and committed scores of believers to death in his private arena. Photographs courtesy of.Photos.com/Photos.com/Getty Images The 12 apostles, also known as the 12 disciples, were the closest followers of Jesus Christ and made their influence on the history of Christianity. He died about the year 100 AD and was buried near the city of Ephesus. How do you I stop my TV from turning off at a time dish? He died about the year 72 AD, and his tomb may be seen in the Indian city of Mylapore. Of all the Apostles, Thomas represents most profoundly the missionary zeal associated with the rise of Christianitythe drive to travel to the ends of the known world to preach a new creed. |~| According to mythology, his ashes rest in the church of Amalfi, Italy, where he is commemorated. As a result, he was chained to a cross that was hanging in an X shape rather than a T shape, as was customary.